@Article{MotaCoCaMaLeSoOz:2017:MoPhTr,
               author = "Mota, Yasmine A. and Cotes, Caroline and Carvalho, Rodrigo F. and 
                         Machado, Jo{\~a}o Paulo Barros and Leite, Fabiola P. P. and 
                         Souza, Rodrigo O. A. and Ozcan, Mutlu",
          affiliation = "{Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF)} and {Universidade 
                         Estadual Paulista (UNESP)} and {Universidade Estadual Paulista 
                         (UNESP)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} 
                         and {Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF)} and 
                         {Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)} and 
                         {University of Z{\"u}rich}",
                title = "Monoclinic phase transformation and mechanical durability of 
                         zirconia ceramic after fatigue and autoclave aging",
              journal = "Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied 
                         Biomaterials",
                 year = "2017",
               volume = "105",
               number = "7",
                pages = "1972--1977",
                month = "Oct.",
             keywords = "aging, flexural strength, mechanical cycling, phase 
                         transformation, yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia.",
             abstract = "ObjectivesThis study evaluated the influence of two aging 
                         procedures on the biaxial flexural strength of yttria-stabilized 
                         tetragonal zirconia ceramics. Material and methods. Disc-shaped 
                         zirconia specimens and (ZE: E.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar; ZT: Zirkon 
                         Translucent, Zirkonzahn) (N=80) (empty set :12 mm; thickness:1.2 
                         mm, ISO 6872) were prepared and randomly divided into four groups 
                         (n=10 per group) according to the aging procedures: C: Control, no 
                         aging; M: mechanical cycling (2 x 10(6) cycles/3.8 Hz/200 N); AUT: 
                         Aging in autoclave at 134 degrees C, 2 bar for 24 h; AUT+M: 
                         Autoclave aging followed by mechanical cycling. After aging, the 
                         transformed monoclinic zirconia (%) were evaluated using X-ray 
                         diffraction and surface roughness was measured using atomic force 
                         microscopy. The average grain size was measured by scanning 
                         electron microscopy and the specimens were submitted to biaxial 
                         flexural strength testing (1 mm/min, 1000 kgf in water). Data 
                         (MPa) were statistically analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance 
                         and Tukey's test (=0.05). Results. Aging procedures significantly 
                         affected (p=0.000) the flexural strength data but the effect of 
                         zirconia type was not significant (p=0.657). AUT(ZT) (936.4 +/- 
                         120.9(b)) and AUT+M-ZE (867.2 +/- 49.3(b)) groups presented 
                         significantly higher values (p<0.05) of flexural strength than 
                         those of the control groups (C-ZT: 716.5 +/- 185.7(a); C-ZE: 779.9 
                         +/- 114(a)) (Tukey's test). The monoclinic phase percentage (%) 
                         was higher for AUT(ZE) (71), AUT(ZT) (66), AUT+M-ZE (71), and 
                         AUT+M-ZM (66) compared to the C groups (ZE:0; ZT:0). Surface 
                         roughness (mu m) was higher for AUT(ZE) (0.09), AUT(ZT) (0.08), 
                         AUT+M-ZE (0.09 mu m), and AUT+M-ZT (0.09 mu m) than those of other 
                         groups. Conclusions. Regardless of the zirconia type, autoclave 
                         aging alone or with mechanical aging increased the flexure 
                         strength but also induced higher transformation from tetragonal to 
                         monoclinic phase in both zirconia materials tested.",
                  doi = "10.1002/jbm.b.33720",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.33720",
                 issn = "1552-4973",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "mota_monoclinic.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}